personal representative

Fees received by personal representatives are taxable

by Boyd Johnson on October 2, 2009

Serving as a personal representative takes a lot of time. As a result, some personal representatives consider charging the estate for their time as permitted under Minn. Stat. 524.3-719.

As appealing as that can be, the attorney should help the personal representative consider all the consequences of that decision. One consequence that is often overlooked is that fees paid to the personal representative are taxable and must be included in their gross income. As a result, the estate may be required to generate a 1099.

Additionally, self-employment taxes may apply. Professional personal representatives always pay self-employment tax. Non-professional personal representatives do not pay self-employment tax unless the following conditions are met:

  1. a trade or business is included in the estate’s assets;
  2. the personal representative actively participates in the business; and
  3. the fees are related to the operation of the business.

See IRS Publication 559 for more information.

As a footnote, always remember to include fees paid to the personal representative on the final account as required by Minn. Stat. 525.48.

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The probate petition requires the petitioner to list heirs of the estate and state whether the heir has survived the decedent by at least 120 hours.

But how should you list an heir who survives the decedent by at least 120 hours, but dies prior to the filing of the petition?

In Hennepin County, list the heir as you normally would and indicate, “NOW DECEASED”, next to the heir’s name. Then, list the personal representative of the heir’s estate as another interested party. If no personal representative has been appointed for the post-deceased heir, list any and all known heirs of the post-deceased heir.

Other counties may follow similar customs. As always, contact your county to determine local custom prior to filing the petition.

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Five things personal representatives should never do

April 1, 2009

1. NEVER distribute estate assets until there has been a full assessment of potential claims against the estate. Minnesota statutes require that probates remain open for at least four months. This gives creditors adequate time to notify the personal representative of potential claims. Distributing assets before the expiration of this four-month creditors’ claims period opens [...]

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Don’t forget these: Personal representative powers you may have forgotten about

January 7, 2009

The powers of a personal representative in Minnesota are quite broad. The probate code delineates a host of these powers in Minn. Stat. 524.3-715. It is worth taking some time to read through that statute since, if you haven’t, you may discover powers you didn’t know the personal representative had. Here’s a selection of powers [...]

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Is There Real Estate in Your Probate? Expect Junk Mail

December 23, 2008

Give your personal representative a heads-up if there is real estate listed as probate property in your probate petition. Given the current real estate market conditions, speculators are as ravenous as ever to snatch up property at a discount. Tell the personal representative to expect lots of junk mail from the speculators and to check [...]

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The Personal Representative’s Powers Relate Back Before Appointment

December 5, 2008

Can a nominated personal representative perform acts on behalf of the estate prior to his appointment? Under Minnesota Stat. 524.3-701, the answer is yes, but it carries risk. The statute states that the powers of a personal representative “relate back in time to give acts [performed] by the person appointed. . . the same effect [...]

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Nominated vs. Appointed – An Analogy

November 19, 2008

As I indicated before, clients often have difficulty understanding the difference between being nominated the personal representative in the Will versus being appointed. Here’s an analogy to explain the difference: It is like the difference between a person being nominated by their political party to be president versus being elected president. Until you are elected, [...]

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Letters Testamentary or Letters of General Administration?

October 29, 2008

The document that evidences that a person has been appointed by the Court to be the personal representative of an estate is called either the Letters Testamentary or Letters of General Administration. Which document is appropriate depends on whether the decedent died with or without a Will. Letters of General Administration issue whenever the decedent [...]

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Nominated vs. Appointed

October 16, 2008

Here’s a story I hear frequently from new clients: Mom passes away leaving Son as the only surviving family member. She had a Will leaving everything to Son and nominating him as the personal representative. Son knows that Mom has a bank account and goes to the bank to collect the funds. He brings with [...]

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